Naranjilla: A Unique Fruit from South America
Naranjilla, also known as “little oranges,” are unusual-looking shrubs that produce exotic flowers and golf ball-sized fruit. They thrive in warm climates, particularly in USDA plant hardiness zones 10 and 11.
Origin and Family
Naranjilla is native to South America and belongs to the nightshade family, which also includes tomatoes, potatoes, and tamarillos.
Fruit Characteristics
When unripe, naranjilla fruit is flavorless and unpleasant. However, when fully ripe, it develops a tangy and delicious taste. The fruit is covered in a prickly fuzz that should be removed before eating.
Harvesting Naranjilla
The best time to harvest naranjilla is when the fruit is fully ripe and naturally falls from the tree. This typically occurs between October and December. You can also pick the fruit earlier, when it begins to color, and allow it to ripen off the tree for eight to ten days.
Tips for Harvesting
- Wait until the fruit is fully ripe before picking it.
- Wear gloves to protect your hands from the prickly fuzz.
- If the fruit is ripe, it may split open.
- Gather the fruit that has fallen to the ground.
Storage and Uses
Harvested naranjilla fruit can be stored at room temperature for at least a week. In the refrigerator, it can last for a month or two. Naranjilla can be eaten fresh, juiced, or used in smoothies. The thick skin and tiny seeds make juicing a popular option. Cut the fruit in half and squeeze the citrusy juice into your mouth for a refreshing treat.
Nutritional Benefits
Naranjilla is a good source of vitamins A and C, as well as potassium and fiber. It also contains antioxidants that may help protect against certain diseases.
Growing Naranjilla
Naranjilla plants prefer warm, humid climates with well-drained soil. They can be grown from seeds or cuttings. If you are starting from seeds, soak them in warm water for 24 hours before planting.
Pests and Diseases
Naranjilla plants are relatively pest-resistant. However, they can be susceptible to aphids, whiteflies, and mealybugs. Regular monitoring and treatment can help control these pests.
Additional Tips
- Naranjilla plants can grow up to 10 feet tall.
- They prefer full sun to partial shade.
- Water naranjilla plants regularly, especially during hot weather.
- Fertilize naranjilla plants monthly with a balanced fertilizer.
- Prune naranjilla plants annually to remove dead or diseased branches.
With proper care, naranjilla plants can produce fruit for many years. Their unique flavor and nutritional value make them a worthwhile addition to any garden.
