All About Chamomile: A Guide to Growing and Using This Calming Herb
Introduction
Chamomile is a popular herb that is known for its calming and relaxing properties. It is often used in teas, tinctures, and other herbal remedies to promote sleep, reduce anxiety, and soothe digestive issues. Chamomile is also a beautiful and easy-to-grow plant that can add beauty and fragrance to your garden.
Types of Chamomile
There are two main types of chamomile: Roman chamomile and German chamomile. Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile) is the true chamomile, but German chamomile (Matricaria recutita) is more commonly used in herbal medicine. Both types of chamomile have similar medicinal properties, but there are some key differences in their appearance and growth habits.
- Roman chamomile is a creeping ground cover that grows like a mat. It has small daisy-like flowers with yellow centers and white petals. The leaves are feathery and the plant is a perennial, meaning it will come back year after year.
- German chamomile looks similar to Roman chamomile, but it grows upright to a height of about 1 to 2 feet (30 to 61 cm.). It is a reseeding annual, meaning it will die back at the end of the growing season but will reseed itself and come back the following year.
How to Grow Chamomile
Chamomile is a relatively easy herb to grow. It prefers cool conditions and should be planted in part shade, but will also grow in full sun. The soil should be dry and well-drained.
From seed: Chamomile can be grown from seed, but it is easier to start with plants or divisions. If you are starting from seed, sow the seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost. Transplant the seedlings outdoors after the last frost, spacing them 6-12 inches apart.
From plants or divisions: Chamomile can also be grown from plants or divisions. Dig a hole that is twice the width of the root ball and just as deep. Place the plant in the hole and backfill with soil, tamping down gently to remove any air pockets. Water the plant deeply and mulch around the base to help retain moisture.
Chamomile Care
Once your chamomile plants are established, they need very little care. Like most herbs, chamomile grows best when it is not fussed over.
- Watering: Chamomile is drought tolerant and only needs to be watered in times of prolonged drought.
- Fertilizing: Chamomile does not need to be fertilized regularly. Too much fertilizer will result in lots of weakly flavored foliage and fewer flowers.
- Pests and diseases: Chamomile is not affected by many pests or diseases. However, plants that are weakened by lack of water or other issues may be attacked by aphids, mealybugs, or thrips.
Harvesting Chamomile
Chamomile flowers can be harvested when they are fully open. Cut the flowers off the plant, leaving about 2 inches of stem attached. Dry the flowers in a warm, dry place out of direct sunlight. Once the flowers are dry, they can be stored in an airtight container for up to a year.
Using Chamomile
Chamomile can be used in a variety of ways, including:
- Tea: Chamomile tea is a popular way to relax and unwind before bed. It can also be used to soothe digestive issues and reduce anxiety.
- Tincture: Chamomile tincture is a concentrated extract of chamomile that can be used to relieve pain, inflammation, and anxiety.
- Salve: Chamomile salve can be used to soothe skin irritations and promote healing.
- Essential oil: Chamomile essential oil can be used in aromatherapy to promote relaxation and sleep.
Conclusion
Chamomile is a versatile and beneficial herb that is easy to grow and use. Whether you are looking to relax and unwind, soothe digestive issues, or simply add beauty to your garden, chamomile is a great choice.
