What are Nematicides and How to Use Them in Gardens
Introduction
Nematicides are chemicals used to kill nematodes, which are tiny, worm-like creatures that live in water or soil. Nematodes can cause major damage to plants by feeding on their roots or tissue.
Types of Nematicides
There are two main types of nematicides:
- Fumigant nematicides: These are gases that are dispersed through the soil to kill nematodes. They are most effective in moist, well-drained soil with low levels of organic matter.
- Non-fumigant nematicides: These are liquids or granules that are applied to the soil surface or mixed into the top of the soil. They are released by irrigation or rainfall and are effective depending on factors such as soil moisture, structure, temperature, and organic matter content.
How to Use Nematicides Safely and Effectively
Nematicides are highly toxic and should only be used by trained applicators who understand how to mitigate the risks. Most products are approved only for commercial applications.
- Never apply nematicides when vegetable crops are nearing harvest.
- Use only clean potting mix that hasn’t been contaminated by regular garden soil.
- Follow the instructions on the product label carefully.
Alternative Methods to Control Nematodes
In addition to using nematicides, there are several other ways to reduce nematode damage:
- Add organic material to the soil: This improves soil structure and water retention, creating a healthy environment for plants.
- Water deeply and infrequently: This helps create healthy, nematode-resistant roots.
- Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers: These produce lush growth and nematode-prone roots.
- Grow plants in above-ground containers: This can reduce nematode damage.
Conclusion
Nematicides can be an effective way to control nematodes in gardens. However, it is important to use them safely and responsibly. By following the tips in this article, you can minimize the risks and maximize the benefits of using nematicides.