Harlequin Bugs: A Common Garden Pest
What are Harlequin Bugs?
Harlequin bugs are small, shiny insects that are a major pest for gardeners. They are about 3/8 inch long and have a distinctive red and black pattern. Harlequin bugs feed on the leaves of crucifers, such as cabbage, broccoli, and mustard. They can also feed on other plants, such as squash, beans, corn, asparagus, okra, and tomatoes.
Harlequin Bug Damage
Harlequin bugs damage plants by piercing the leaves and sucking out the juices. This can cause the leaves to become cloudy and discolored. In severe cases, the leaves may wilt and brown, and the plant may even die.
Life Cycle of Harlequin Bugs
Harlequin bugs have a complex life cycle that involves several stages. Adult harlequin bugs emerge from their winter hiding places in early spring. They feed for about two weeks before laying their eggs. The eggs are black and white and are laid in groups of 10 to 13 in double rows.
The eggs hatch in about two weeks, and the nymphs begin to feed on the leaves of plants. The nymphs go through five instars, or stages, before they reach adulthood. The entire life cycle of a harlequin bug takes about six to eight weeks.
How to Control Harlequin Bugs
There are several ways to control harlequin bugs in the garden. One way is to plow under all plants and fallen debris at the end of the growing season. This will help to destroy the harlequin bugs’ eggs and overwintering adults.
Another way to control harlequin bugs is to pick them off the plants by hand. This should be done early in the morning when the bugs are less active. The bugs can be dropped into a bucket of soapy water to kill them.
You can also control harlequin bugs by using insecticidal soap. Insecticidal soap is a natural pesticide that is safe to use around people and pets. It works by suffocating the bugs.
If the infestation is severe, you may need to use a chemical pesticide. Spinosad is a pesticide that is effective against harlequin bugs. It is important to follow the directions on the label carefully when using any pesticide.
Preventing Harlequin Bugs
There are several things you can do to prevent harlequin bugs from damaging your plants. One way is to plant resistant varieties of crucifers. Another way is to companion plant with other plants that repel harlequin bugs, such as marigolds and nasturtiums.
You can also help to prevent harlequin bugs by keeping your garden clean and free of debris. This will make it less attractive to the bugs.
Additional Tips
- Check the undersides of leaves for harlequin bug eggs.
- Crush the eggs or scrape them into a bucket of soapy water.
- Check plants regularly for nymphs and adults.
- Use insecticidal soap to kill nymphs.
- Use spinosad to kill adults.
By following these tips, you can help to control harlequin bugs in your garden and protect your plants from damage.
